![]() ![]() In other words, an urban system forms a structural relationship among cities through interactions ( Hutchison, 2010, p. Modern cities are dependent on one another, their functional connections emerge, and they continuously change through interactions with other cities. These results present that urban developments have been highly concentrated in peripheral areas of Seoul that are still in the Seoul metropolitan area, with the dominance of the metropolitan area getting stronger over time.Ĭities in an urban system constantly interact with and are connected with other cities in various forms including invisible networks such as information flows as well as visible infrastructure such as road networks ( Bretagnolle et al., 2009). But this new development has dominantly occurred still in the Seoul metropolitan area. The spatial interaction patterns show that many cities have developed in large metropolitan areas and are highly interconnected with each other. The results show that the Korean urban system had a primacy structure in which Seoul dominates until the 1990s, after which this primacy structure of the city weakened. While the primacy indices focus on the population sizes of cities, an investigation with spatial interaction allows an examination of linkages among cities. The purpose of this paper is to investigate changes in the urban system in South Korea using two approaches, which are primacy indices and spatial interaction indices. In addition, economic development also has triggered changes in its population distribution and, ultimately, its urban system. The economic development has been accompanied by a steady growth of population specifically in urban areas. Its economic structure has developed from one with a primary industry-centric in the 1950s to a manufacturing or service-centric structure. South Korea has experienced a dramatic economic change since the Korean War. ![]() 2Department of Geography Education, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea. ![]() 1School of Economic, Political and Policy Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, United States. ![]()
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